Boiler and the like



Nov. 19, 1929. T. R. WOLLASTON 1,735,945

I BOILER AND THE LIKE v 7 Filed July 16, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 1 1929. T. R. WOLLASTON BOILER AND THE LIKE Filed Jul 16, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 M W w wmh Patented Nov. 19, 1929 PATENT ornca THOMAS ROLAND WOLLASTON, F MANCHESTER, ENGLAND BOILER AND THE LIKE- r Application filed July 16, 1928, Serial No. 293,281, and in Great Britain August 5, 1927.

water, superheating steam, raising the tem peratures of fluids, evaporating or distilling liquids; or for other operations of a like character.

The object of the invention is to provide means whereby intense flame heat resulting from an eflicient combustion of fuel is concentrated upon a heat storer and radiating device located and provided for becoming highly incandescent, the consequent heat so radiated therefrom for temperature raising purposes enabling the requisite amount of heating surface in the boiler or vessel concerned to be considerably less than the area of surface usually necessary, said reduction of area of heating surface bringing about economical modifications in the design and arrangement of said boiler or vessel.

A heat source very suitable for my present object is a fuel gasifier or gas producer of the type described in the specification of my British Patent Nag 13092, said gasifier adapted to attain practically perfect combustion of fuel therein of varying grades, and thus is capable of providing for the present purpose a flame temperature of high degree at a preheated air supplied under pressure by the action of a fan or. blower to a throat or burner device or devices forming the only outlet or outlets for said flames. Such outlet or outlets is or are hereinafter referred to under the generic term gas outlet.

According to my present invention, the heat radiating means is or are mounted on arranged adjacent to the aforesaid throat, burner or burners of the type of gasifier re-" ferred to, said means beings composed of refractory substance of suitable shape and dijm'ensions, in perforated form. Such means may be situated within the vessel or apparatits the .contents of which are to receive the radiant heat named whether some portion of the original heat supplied from the gasifier is employed for direct application or not.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating forms and applications of my invention, Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of combined gasifier and heat-radiating means applied to a fluid-heating apparatus situated about said means. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of my invention applied to a form of vertical boiler, the

latter provided with means for feed-water heating purposes,

Fig. 3 is a cross section through line 3- 3 of a portion of Fig. 2. r

Fig. 4 is a sectional and longitudinal view showing the application of my invention to an ordinary Lancashire boiler.

Referring to Fig. 1, a is a gasifier of the type herein referred to, provided with a preheated-air supplied throat or burner device b, inlets for said air being indicated at c. It may not always be necessary for the air to be pro-heated as stated. In the example referred to said gasifier is also provided with an annular or other space d which may be employed as a water jacket at the position given. 1 The valve control of the throat I) as de scribed in my former patent named herein, is not required for my present purpose.

According to .my present invention, 'heatradiating means in the form of a tube of refractory substance, and shown at e, is mounted adjacent to said device I), the tube being free- 1y perforated and some of the perforations so being indicated at h. Surrounding the refractory tube 0 is a corrugated tube or angiving strength and elasticity to the structure as a whole, aswell as fascilitating. ac- P cessibility thereto. The shell m supports a tubular or device 1, which has the'efiect of directing cirsuitable culation of liquid to be heated in the vessel 9 concerned, when the latter contains said liquid. The flames due to the fired gaseous mixture at the.burnerdevice b pass up and im-,

pinge-against the sides of the tube e and bring me a at a.

the latter to a considerable state of incandesheat from said radiator is employed to raise cence, on account of the very high degree of the temperature of the fluid in said container.

temperature of combustion in the gasifier.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my The apertures h enable the result or signature.

incandescence to be attained with greater rapidity, and also may allow some of the flames or heat to pass directly through the tube 6 named. The outer tube is also becomes heated and itself radiates heat to as well as provides convective currents in'the fluid contained in the space 0.

In Fig. 2 a gasifier for the present purpose but somewhat differently designed is shown at A, the burner device therefor being indicated ml). The heat-radiating means is here a construction of somewhat conical form, and provided with long slots or perforations.

It is indicated at s and the perforations are shown at t both in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.

A casing u in the water space of the vertical boiler surrounds the device .9, and is provided with a chimney at 'v. The water space of the boiler is-shewn at w, and means for pre heating the feed water are indicated. That is to say, a casing :1: attached to u is capable of containing water to be pro-heated an inlet for the same being shown at 2. An extension of the casing w, and partly-passing within it, is indicated at I, the space within the latter being in communication through pipe 2 with the water space surrounding the gasifier A.

In this way supply of hot water to the boiler may be attained.

In Fig. 4 a ortion of a gasifier of the type employed is s own at B provided with a gas outlet 1) adjacent to or in the side of said gasifier, secondary-air inlets being indicated The outlet b is also shown adjacent to a heat-radiator or refractory tube 4 mounted within the main flue of a Lancashire boile. 5 (or may be other horizontal-flue boiler) the usual steam and water space being indicated at 6, and water-space at 7.

Regarding radiator such as e I find the best results are obtained by keeping the size and height of the same within comparatively small. limits.

The upper end of the annulus k is shown having a gas outlet, said outlet having inlets thereto for preheated high-pressure air for promoting high flame temperature, a hollow perforated radiator of refractory substance located within said flue and having an open end communicating with 'said outlet, whereby THOMAS ROLAND WOLLASTON. 

